In this post, we will explore how to set up routes for handling internal errors using HTTP status codes, along with some best practices.
Total.js v5: How to Define Routes for Internal Errors
In Total.js, you can define custom routes to handle errors like 404 Not Found
or 500 Internal Server Error
. This lets you display custom error messages and pages when something goes wrong in your app, improving user experience.
In this post, we'll explore how to define error routes for different HTTP status codes, set status codes using $.res.send()
, and customize error responses in a simple way.
How It Works (Same as Previous Versions of Total.js)
The way you define error routes in Total.js v5 is similar to previous versions. You can use the ROUTE
function with an HTTP status code to specify what happens when an error occurs.
Here’s a simple example of how it works:
Sending Custom Error Responses
In Total.js, you can send a custom response with an error code using $.res.send(code, body)
. This method sets the HTTP status code and sends a response back to the user.
Here’s an example of handling a 404 Not Found
error:
This method uses the Response.send()
function, which works like this:
- code: The HTTP status code (e.g.,
404
). - body: The response body, which can be a string, object, or boolean. Objects are serialized to JSON automatically.
- type: (Optional) The content type of the response (e.g.,
text/html
orapplication/json
).
Example for Multiple Error Codes
You can define custom routes for various HTTP errors, such as 403 Forbidden
, 404 Not Found
, and 503 Service Unavailable
, using $.res.send()
:
Avoid Custom 500 Error Routes
While you can create custom routes for most errors, it’s not recommended to create a custom route for 500 Internal Server Error
. If there’s an error in the handler, it could cause an infinite loop, continuously triggering the error.
Let Total.js handle 500
errors automatically to avoid these risks.
Customizing Error Responses
You can customize and localize error messages using @(message)
for multi-language support. This is helpful if your app serves users in different languages.
Here’s an example of a localized 403 Forbidden
error:
The @(message)
syntax allows Total.js to translate the message based on the user’s language settings.
Example: Handling Multiple Errors with Custom Responses
Here’s a full example showing how to handle multiple error routes in Total.js:
In this example:
- We handle
403
,404
, and503
errors. - We use
$.res.send(code, body)
to set the HTTP status code and send a custom error message. - The
403
handler uses@(message)
for localized error messages.
Conclusion
Defining error routes in Total.js allows you to provide custom error messages and pages, improving user experience when things go wrong. Here’s a summary of what we covered:
- Use
ROUTE('#code', handler)
to handle errors like403
,404
, and503
. - Use
$.res.send(code, body)
to set the HTTP status code and send a custom response. - Avoid creating custom routes for
500 Internal Server Error
to prevent infinite loops. - Localize error messages using
@(message)
to support multiple languages.
By following these steps, you can make sure your application handles errors effectively while giving users clear and helpful information.
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